[
  {
    "name": "8th",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented",
      "Procedural"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Dynamic",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux",
      "Android",
      "iOS"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Language-specific runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://8th-dev.com/manual.html",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://8th-dev.com/manual.html"
    ],
    "notes": "Official manual used as the source. The entry reflects the 8th implementation and its documented platform support, not every third-party port."
  },
  {
    "name": "ABAP",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented",
      "Procedural"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Dynamic",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled",
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Language-specific runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://help.sap.com/doc/abapdocu_latest_index_htm/latest/en-US/index.htm?file=abenabap.htm",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://help.sap.com/doc/abapdocu_latest_index_htm/latest/en-US/index.htm?file=abenabap.htm"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "ARM64 Assembly",
    "kind": "assembly language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Imperative",
      "Procedural"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Weak"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux",
      "iOS",
      "Android"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Standalone executable"
    ],
    "url": "https://support.arm.com/architectures/a-profile-architecture",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://support.arm.com/architectures/a-profile-architecture"
    ],
    "notes": "Platform tags describe Arm A-profile targets and established toolchains; individual binaries still depend on the operating system and device."
  },
  {
    "name": "Arturo",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Dynamic",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Standalone executable",
      "Language-specific runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://arturo-lang.io",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://arturo-lang.io"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "AWK",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Imperative",
      "Procedural"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Dynamic",
      "Weak"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Language-specific runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "Ballerina",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented",
      "Procedural"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Standalone executable",
      "JVM (Java)"
    ],
    "url": "https://ballerina.io",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://ballerina.io"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "Bash",
    "kind": "shell language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Imperative",
      "Procedural"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Dynamic",
      "Weak"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "macOS",
      "Linux",
      "Windows"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Language-specific runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "Batch Script",
    "kind": "shell language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Imperative",
      "Procedural"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Dynamic",
      "Weak"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Language-specific runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/windows-commands",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/windows-commands"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "C",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Imperative",
      "Procedural"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Weak"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux",
      "iOS",
      "Android"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Standalone executable"
    ],
    "url": "https://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/"
    ],
    "notes": "Browser support was removed from the default classification because it normally depends on Emscripten or a WebAssembly toolchain rather than the core C implementation."
  },
  {
    "name": "C#",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented",
      "Procedural"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled",
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux",
      "iOS",
      "Android",
      "Web Browser"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Standalone executable",
      "Common Language Runtime (.NET)"
    ],
    "url": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "C++",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented",
      "Procedural"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux",
      "iOS",
      "Android"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Standalone executable"
    ],
    "url": "https://isocpp.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://isocpp.org"
    ],
    "notes": "Browser support was removed from the default classification because it normally depends on Emscripten or a WebAssembly toolchain rather than the core C++ implementation."
  },
  {
    "name": "Cairo",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Imperative"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Language-specific runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://cairo.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://cairo.org"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "CFML",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented",
      "Procedural"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Dynamic",
      "Weak"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled",
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Language-specific runtime",
      "JVM (Java)"
    ],
    "url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/coldfusion/developing-applications.html",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://helpx.adobe.com/coldfusion/developing-applications.html"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "Clojure",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Imperative"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Dynamic",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled",
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "JVM (Java)"
    ],
    "url": "https://clojure.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://clojure.org"
    ],
    "notes": "Android and browser support were removed from the default classification because those routes typically use ClojureDart, ClojureScript, or other distinct toolchains rather than the core Clojure/JVM implementation."
  },
  {
    "name": "COBOL",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Imperative",
      "Procedural"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Standalone executable"
    ],
    "url": "https://www.ibm.com/products/cobol-compiler-zos",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://www.ibm.com/products/cobol-compiler-zos"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "CoffeeScript",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Dynamic",
      "Weak"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux",
      "Web Browser"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Language-specific runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://coffeescript.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://coffeescript.org"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "Common Lisp",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Dynamic",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled",
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Standalone executable",
      "Language-specific runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://common-lisp.net",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://common-lisp.net"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "Crystal",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Standalone executable"
    ],
    "url": "https://crystal-lang.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://crystal-lang.org"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "D",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Standalone executable"
    ],
    "url": "https://dlang.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://dlang.org"
    ],
    "notes": "Browser support was removed from the default classification because it normally depends on a separate WebAssembly or JavaScript backend rather than the core D toolchain."
  },
  {
    "name": "Dart",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled",
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux",
      "iOS",
      "Android",
      "Web Browser"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Standalone executable",
      "Language-specific runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://dart.dev",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://dart.dev"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "Delphi Pascal",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented",
      "Procedural"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux",
      "iOS",
      "Android"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Standalone executable"
    ],
    "url": "https://www.embarcadero.com/products/delphi",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://www.embarcadero.com/products/delphi"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "Elixir",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Dynamic",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled",
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "BEAM (Erlang)"
    ],
    "url": "https://elixir-lang.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://elixir-lang.org"
    ],
    "notes": "Elixir is classified as dynamically typed; its BEAM ecosystem provides runtime checks and protocols but does not make Elixir a statically or gradually typed language."
  },
  {
    "name": "Elm",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Declarative"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Web Browser"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Language-specific runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://elm-lang.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://elm-lang.org"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "Emacs Lisp",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Dynamic",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled",
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Language-specific runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/html_node/emacs/index.html",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/html_node/emacs/index.html"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "Erlang",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Dynamic",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled",
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "BEAM (Erlang)"
    ],
    "url": "https://www.erlang.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://www.erlang.org"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "Euphoria",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented",
      "Procedural"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Dynamic",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled",
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Standalone executable",
      "Language-specific runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://openeuphoria.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://openeuphoria.org"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "F#",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled",
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Common Language Runtime (.NET)"
    ],
    "url": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/fsharp/",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/fsharp/"
    ],
    "notes": "Browser support was removed from the default classification because it commonly depends on Fable or another compiler/toolchain rather than the core .NET implementation."
  },
  {
    "name": "Factor",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Dynamic",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled",
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Language-specific runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://factorcode.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://factorcode.org"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "Fortran",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented",
      "Procedural"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Standalone executable"
    ],
    "url": "https://fortran-lang.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://fortran-lang.org"
    ],
    "notes": "Browser support was removed from the default classification because it normally depends on a separate compiler-to-WebAssembly or JavaScript route rather than the core Fortran toolchain."
  },
  {
    "name": "Free Pascal",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented",
      "Procedural"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux",
      "iOS",
      "Android"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Standalone executable"
    ],
    "url": "https://www.freepascal.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://www.freepascal.org"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "Futhark",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Imperative"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux",
      "Web Browser"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Standalone executable"
    ],
    "url": "https://futhark-lang.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://futhark-lang.org"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "Gleam",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Imperative"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux",
      "Web Browser"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "BEAM (Erlang)",
      "JavaScript runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://gleam.run",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://gleam.run"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "Go",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Imperative",
      "Procedural"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Standalone executable"
    ],
    "url": "https://go.dev",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://go.dev"
    ],
    "notes": "Mobile and browser support was removed from the default classification because it commonly depends on gomobile, GopherJS, or WebAssembly-specific toolchains rather than the core Go distribution."
  },
  {
    "name": "Groovy",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Dynamic",
      "Gradual",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled",
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "JVM (Java)"
    ],
    "url": "https://groovy-lang.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://groovy-lang.org"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "Haskell",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Declarative",
      "Imperative"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled",
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Standalone executable"
    ],
    "url": "https://www.haskell.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://www.haskell.org"
    ],
    "notes": "Browser support was removed from the default classification because GHCJS and similar browser toolchains are not the core Haskell implementation."
  },
  {
    "name": "Idris",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Declarative"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled",
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux",
      "Web Browser"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Standalone executable",
      "Language-specific runtime",
      "JavaScript runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://www.idris-lang.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://www.idris-lang.org"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "Java",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented",
      "Procedural"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled",
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux",
      "Android"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "JVM (Java)"
    ],
    "url": "https://dev.java",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://dev.java"
    ],
    "notes": "iOS and browser support was removed from the default classification because current Java SE does not provide those as ordinary first-class runtime targets; Android remains an established Java ecosystem."
  },
  {
    "name": "JavaScript",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented",
      "Procedural"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Dynamic",
      "Weak"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled",
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux",
      "iOS",
      "Android",
      "Web Browser"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Language-specific runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "jq",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Declarative"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Dynamic",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Language-specific runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://jqlang.github.io/jq/",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://jqlang.github.io/jq/"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "Julia",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Dynamic",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled",
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Language-specific runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://julialang.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://julialang.org"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "Kotlin",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled",
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux",
      "iOS",
      "Android",
      "Web Browser"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Standalone executable",
      "JVM (Java)"
    ],
    "url": "https://kotlinlang.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://kotlinlang.org"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "Lean",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Declarative"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled",
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Standalone executable"
    ],
    "url": "https://lean-lang.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://lean-lang.org"
    ],
    "notes": "Browser support was removed from the default classification because current Lean 4 browser support is not treated as a universal first-class target here."
  },
  {
    "name": "Lisp Flavoured Erlang",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Declarative"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Dynamic",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "BEAM (Erlang)"
    ],
    "url": "https://lfe.io",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://lfe.io"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "Lua",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented",
      "Procedural"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Dynamic",
      "Weak"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled",
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Language-specific runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://www.lua.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://www.lua.org"
    ],
    "notes": "Mobile and browser support was removed from the default classification because it usually depends on embedding or third-party Lua virtual machines compiled to JavaScript or WebAssembly."
  },
  {
    "name": "MIPS Assembly",
    "kind": "assembly language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Imperative",
      "Procedural"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Weak"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Standalone executable"
    ],
    "url": "https://mips.com/products/",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://mips.com/products/"
    ],
    "notes": "The old architecture-documentation URL is no longer live. This links to the current official MIPS organization site and deliberately does not claim that it is an ISA reference manual."
  },
  {
    "name": "MoonScript",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Dynamic",
      "Weak"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux",
      "Web Browser"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Language-specific runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://moonscript.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://moonscript.org"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "Nim",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented",
      "Procedural"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled",
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Standalone executable"
    ],
    "url": "https://nim-lang.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://nim-lang.org"
    ],
    "notes": "Mobile and browser targets were removed from the default classification because they depend on target-specific toolchains rather than a universal first-class runtime claim."
  },
  {
    "name": "Objective-C",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented",
      "Procedural"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Weak"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "macOS",
      "iOS"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Standalone executable"
    ],
    "url": "https://developer.apple.com/documentation/objectivec",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://developer.apple.com/documentation/objectivec"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "OCaml",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled",
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux",
      "Web Browser"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Standalone executable"
    ],
    "url": "https://ocaml.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://ocaml.org"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "Odin",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Imperative",
      "Procedural"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Standalone executable"
    ],
    "url": "https://odin-lang.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://odin-lang.org"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "Perl",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented",
      "Procedural"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Dynamic",
      "Weak"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled",
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Language-specific runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://www.perl.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://www.perl.org"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "Pharo",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Dynamic",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled",
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Language-specific runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://pharo.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://pharo.org"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "PHP",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented",
      "Procedural"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Dynamic",
      "Gradual",
      "Weak"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled",
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Language-specific runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://www.php.net",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://www.php.net"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "PowerShell",
    "kind": "shell language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented",
      "Procedural"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Dynamic",
      "Weak"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Common Language Runtime (.NET)"
    ],
    "url": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "Prolog",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Declarative",
      "Logic"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Dynamic",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled",
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Language-specific runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://www.swi-prolog.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://www.swi-prolog.org"
    ],
    "notes": "Browser support was removed from the default classification because browser execution usually depends on a separate JavaScript/WebAssembly port or a server-side Pengines deployment rather than the core SWI-Prolog runtime."
  },
  {
    "name": "PureScript",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Declarative"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux",
      "Web Browser"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Language-specific runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://purescript.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://purescript.org"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "Pyret",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Dynamic",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Web Browser"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Language-specific runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://pyret.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://pyret.org"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "Python",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented",
      "Procedural"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Dynamic",
      "Gradual",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled",
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Language-specific runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://www.python.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://www.python.org"
    ],
    "notes": "Mobile and browser support was removed from the default classification because it normally depends on third-party ports, embedded interpreters, or browser-specific runtimes rather than the standard CPython distribution."
  },
  {
    "name": "R",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented",
      "Procedural"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Dynamic",
      "Weak"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled",
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Language-specific runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://www.r-project.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://www.r-project.org"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "Racket",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Declarative",
      "Imperative",
      "Logic",
      "Object-oriented"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Dynamic",
      "Gradual",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled",
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Language-specific runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://racket-lang.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://racket-lang.org"
    ],
    "notes": "Browser support was removed from the default classification because it normally depends on RacketScript or another separate browser toolchain rather than the core Racket distribution."
  },
  {
    "name": "Raku",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented",
      "Procedural"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Dynamic",
      "Gradual",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled",
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Language-specific runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://raku.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://raku.org"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "ReasonML",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Standalone executable",
      "Language-specific runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://reasonml.github.io",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://reasonml.github.io"
    ],
    "notes": "Browser support was removed from the default classification because Reason is a syntax/toolchain family commonly targeting JavaScript through separate OCaml tooling, not a universal core-runtime target."
  },
  {
    "name": "Red",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Dynamic",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled",
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Standalone executable",
      "Language-specific runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://www.red-lang.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://www.red-lang.org"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "Roc",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Declarative"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Standalone executable"
    ],
    "url": "https://www.roc-lang.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://www.roc-lang.org"
    ],
    "notes": "Browser support was removed from the default classification because a browser target is not treated as a universal first-class target in the reviewed Roc implementation."
  },
  {
    "name": "Ruby",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Dynamic",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled",
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Language-specific runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://www.ruby-lang.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://www.ruby-lang.org"
    ],
    "notes": "RubyMotion-based mobile support was removed from the default classification because RubyMotion is a third-party commercial toolchain, not mainline Ruby."
  },
  {
    "name": "Rust",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented",
      "Procedural"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux",
      "iOS",
      "Android",
      "Web Browser"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Standalone executable"
    ],
    "url": "https://www.rust-lang.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://www.rust-lang.org"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "Scala",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled",
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux",
      "Web Browser"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "JVM (Java)"
    ],
    "url": "https://www.scala-lang.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://www.scala-lang.org"
    ],
    "notes": "Android support was removed from the default classification because the route depends on community/toolchain support rather than the core Scala distribution."
  },
  {
    "name": "Scheme",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Declarative",
      "Imperative"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Dynamic",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled",
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Standalone executable",
      "Language-specific runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://www.scheme.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://www.scheme.org"
    ],
    "notes": "Browser support was removed from the default classification because it varies by Scheme implementation and usually depends on a separate JavaScript or WebAssembly port."
  },
  {
    "name": "SQLite",
    "kind": "query language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Declarative"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Dynamic",
      "Weak"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled",
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux",
      "iOS",
      "Android",
      "Web Browser"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Language-specific runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://www.sqlite.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://www.sqlite.org"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "Standard ML",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Imperative"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled",
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Standalone executable",
      "Language-specific runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://smlfamily.github.io",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://smlfamily.github.io"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "Swift",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented",
      "Procedural"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux",
      "iOS"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Standalone executable"
    ],
    "url": "https://www.swift.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://www.swift.org"
    ],
    "notes": "Browser support was removed from the default classification because SwiftWasm is a separate toolchain and not the core Swift platform target."
  },
  {
    "name": "Tcl",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented",
      "Procedural"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Dynamic",
      "Weak"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled",
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Language-specific runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://www.tcl-lang.org/about/language.html",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://www.tcl-lang.org/about/language.html"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "TypeScript",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented",
      "Procedural"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Gradual",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux",
      "Web Browser"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "JavaScript runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://www.typescriptlang.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://www.typescriptlang.org"
    ],
    "notes": "TypeScript is classified as compiling to JavaScript and running in JavaScript runtimes; mobile platform tags were removed because the mobile host/runtime is not TypeScript itself."
  },
  {
    "name": "Uiua",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Declarative"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Dynamic",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux",
      "Web Browser"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Language-specific runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://uiua.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://uiua.org"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "Unison",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Declarative"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled",
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Language-specific runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://unison-lang.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://unison-lang.org"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "V",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented",
      "Procedural"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled",
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Standalone executable"
    ],
    "url": "https://vlang.io",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://vlang.io"
    ],
    "notes": "Mobile and browser targets were removed from the default classification to avoid presenting experimental or toolchain-dependent targets as universal platform support."
  },
  {
    "name": "Vim script",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Imperative",
      "Procedural"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Dynamic",
      "Weak"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Language-specific runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://vimhelp.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://vimhelp.org"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "Visual Basic",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented",
      "Procedural"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled",
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Common Language Runtime (.NET)"
    ],
    "url": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/visual-basic/",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/visual-basic/"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "WebAssembly",
    "kind": "portable bytecode",
    "paradigms": [
      "Imperative",
      "Procedural"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux",
      "iOS",
      "Android",
      "Web Browser"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "WebAssembly runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://webassembly.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://webassembly.org"
    ],
    "notes": "WebAssembly is a portable bytecode format executed by WebAssembly runtimes; it is not classified as using a language-specific runtime."
  },
  {
    "name": "Wren",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Dynamic",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Language-specific runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://wren.io",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://wren.io"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "x86-64 Assembly",
    "kind": "assembly language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Imperative",
      "Procedural"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Weak"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Standalone executable"
    ],
    "url": "https://www.felixcloutier.com/x86/",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://www.felixcloutier.com/x86/"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "YAMLScript",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Functional",
      "Imperative",
      "Object-oriented"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Dynamic",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Interpreted"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Language-specific runtime"
    ],
    "url": "https://yamlscript.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://yamlscript.org"
    ]
  },
  {
    "name": "Zig",
    "kind": "language",
    "paradigms": [
      "Imperative",
      "Procedural"
    ],
    "typing": [
      "Static",
      "Strong"
    ],
    "execution": [
      "Compiled"
    ],
    "platforms": [
      "Windows",
      "macOS",
      "Linux"
    ],
    "runtimes": [
      "Standalone executable"
    ],
    "url": "https://ziglang.org",
    "reviewed": "2026-08-23",
    "sources": [
      "https://ziglang.org"
    ],
    "notes": "Mobile and browser targets were removed from the default classification because they generally depend on target-specific toolchains or WebAssembly workflows rather than the core Zig target set."
  }
]